Mohandas K. Gandhi Bio/Wiki, Net Worth, Married 2018
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (/ˈɡɑːndi, ˈɡæn-/; Hindustani: [ˈmoːɦənd̪aːs ˈkərəmtʃənd̪ ˈɡaːnd̪ʱi] (13px ); 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the preeminent leader of Indian independence movement in British-ruled India. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahatma (Sanskrit: "high-souled", "venerable")—applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa,—is now used worldwide. He is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for "father", "papa") in India.Born and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination. Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, but above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule.Gandhi famously led Indians in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both South Africa and India. Gandhi attempted to practise nonviolence and truth in all situations, and advocated that others do the same. He lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn hand spun on a charkha. He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as the means to both self-purification and social protest.Gandhi's vision of a free India based on religious pluralism, however, was challenged in the early 1940s by a new Muslim nationalism which was demanding a separate Muslim homeland carved out of India. Eventually, in August 1947, Britain granted independence, but the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and Muslim Pakistan. As many displaced Hindus, Muslims, and Sikhs made their way to their new lands, religious violence broke out, especially in the Punjab and Bengal. Eschewing the official celebration of independence in Delhi, Gandhi visited the affected areas, attempting to provide solace. In the months following, he undertook several fasts unto death to promote religious harmony. The last of these, undertaken on 12 January 1948 at age 78, also had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan. Some Indians thought Gandhi was too accommodating. Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist, assassinated Gandhi on 30 January 1948 by firing three bullets into his chest at point-blank range.Indians widely describe Gandhi as the father of the nation. His birthday, 2 October, is commemorated as Gandhi Jayanti, a national holiday, and world-wide as the International Day of Nonviolence.
[What do you think of Western Civilisation?] I think it would be a very good idea.
2
Freedom is meaningless unless it includes the Freedom to make mistakes.
3
First they ignore you, then they laugh at you, then they fight you, then you win.
4
When I despair, I remember that all through history the ways of truth and love have always won. There have been tyrants, and murderers, and for a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Think of it--always.
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The weak can never forgive. Forgiveness is the attribute of the strong.
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Be the change you want to see in the world.
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The greatness of a nation can be judged by the way its animals are treated.
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I am not strange, I am just not normal.
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Have no fear of perfection - you'll never reach it.
10
I always get the best bargains from behind prison bars.
11
If we Indians could only spit in unison, we would form a puddle big enough to drown drown 3,000,000 Englishmen.
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[on being asked why he visited King George V in only a loincloth] He wore enough for the both of us.
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An eye for an eye will only end up making the whole world blind.
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Strength does not come from physical capacity. It comes from an indomitable will.
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Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever.
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It is the quality of our work which will please God and not the quantity.
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Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony.
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Freedom is not worth having if it does not include the freedom to make mistakes.
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To believe in something, and not to live it, is dishonest.
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Fact
1
Launched the Quit India movement in 1942.
2
He was strongly opposed to World War II, as the British were officially fighting for the independence of Poland while not allowing India to have its own independence.
3
Mentioned in "On Board the Patagonian Express" by Paul Theroux.
4
Was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind (Emperor of India) gold medal in 1915 for distinguished service to the British Raj. In 1920, he returned the medal to protest the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
5
Lived in South Africa from 1891 to 1914 and started his activism there.
6
His assassins died by hanging.
7
There is a district in Houston, Texas, with a high Indian population named after him.
8
Worked as a lawyer before turning to activism.
9
Between 1934 and 1948, there had been four attempts on his life including one just ten days before his death.
He was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize five times between 1937 and 1948. After his death the Nobel Committee publicly declared its regret for never awarding him the Prize. When the The Dalai Lama was awarded the Peace Prize in 1989, the chairman of the committee said that this was "in part a tribute to the memory of Mahatma Gandhi".
14
The title "Mahatma" (meaning "great-souled") was given to him in 1915 by his friend Rabindranath Tagore. He never accepted the title because he considered himself unworthy of it.
15
Gandhi had spent a total of 2,338 days (over 6 years) in jail as a political prisoner during his lifetime.
16
After his assassination Albert Einstein said: "Generations to come, it may be, will scarce believe that such a one as this ever in flesh and blood walked upon this earth!".
17
He used to write letters to Leo Tolstoy, with whom he was friends. He even named his ashram in his honor - Tolstoy Farm.
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There are several major roads in most of the larger metropolitan cities in India named in his honour, as M.G. Road (short for Mahatma Gandhi).
19
The father of the 'father of the nation' was Karamchand Gandhi and his mother was Putalibai.
20
On 12th March, 1930 Gandhi along with his followers started a 386 km (241 mile) march from Ahmedabad to Dandi, on the banks of the Arabian Sea. He was protesting the taxes levied by the British Raj on salt and decided that he would make his own salt from the sea. He reached his destination after 24 days on 6th April, 1930. This event became known the world over as 'The Dandi March' or 'Salt Satyagraha'.
21
His famous last words were "He Ram!" (O God!).
22
His birthday (October 2nd) is celebrated as a national holiday in India and is called 'Gandhi Jayanthi'.
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He was imprisoned by the British 4 times as a political prisoner.
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He had 2 elder brothers (Laxmidas & Karsandas) and one younger sister (Raliatbehn).
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He died at 5:20 pm after being shot in the chest by Nathuram Godse, at Birla House in New Delhi.
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Gandhi was a veteran of two British Empire wars - the Boer War (1899) and the Zulu Wars (c.1904), where he helped in organising the transport of wounded soldiers on stretchers.
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After his death India went into mourning for 13 days!
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Had 4 sons - Harilal (b. 1888), Manilal (b. 1892), Ramdas (b. 1897) and Devdas (b. 1900).
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The railway station at Pietermaritzburg, South Africa is named in his honor (Mahatma Gandhi Station) because it was here that in 1891 he was unceremoniously thrown out of a first class train compartment just for being a colored person. This was his first experience of racism and became a turning point in his life.
30
He is referred to as 'the father of the Nation' in India.
31
Pictured on 2 US postage stamps (4¢, 8¢) in the Champions of Liberty series, issued 26 December 1961.
32
His own interpretation of the Seven Deadly Sins were: Wealth without Work, Pleasure without Conscience, Science without Humanity, Knowledge without Character, Politics without Principle, Commerce without Morality, and Worship without Sacrifice.
Miscellaneous
Title
Year
Status
Character
Mera Gaon Mera Desh
1971
philosophy: "If I Have To Choose Between Cowardice and Violence, I Will Choose Violence." - as Mahatma Gandhi
Satyakam
1969
philosophy - as Mahatma Gandhi
Writer
Title
Year
Status
Character
Satyagraha
1983
TV Movie autobiography "Satyagraha" - as Mahatma Gandhi
Thanks
Title
Year
Status
Character
Free Speech & the Transcendent Journey of Chris Drew, Street Artist
2014
Documentary in memory of
Maine Gandhi Ko Nahin Mara
2005
film dedicated to - as Mahatma Gandhi
Self
Title
Year
Status
Character
Mahatma Gandhi Talks
1931
Documentary short
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Congress Session in Bombay
1919
Documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Archive Footage
Title
Year
Status
Character
SPHINX: Genesis
2015
Short
Himself
Rick Stein's India
2013
TV Mini-Series
Himself
America's Book of Secrets
2013
TV Series
Himself
Occupy Los Angeles
2012
Documentary
Himself
The Metropolitan Opera HD Live
2011
TV Series
Himself
I Am
2010/III
Documentary
Himself (uncredited)
Doctor Who
2010
TV Series
Himself
Between Gandhi and Hitler
2008
TV Movie documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Infamous Assassinations
2007
TV Series
Himself
The 78th Annual Academy Awards
2006
TV Special
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Bully & Rick
2006
TV Series
Himself
The World's Most Photographed
2005
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
8 Out of 10 Cats
2005
TV Series
Himself
Penn & Teller: Bullshit!
2005
TV Series documentary
Himself
Subhash Chandra Bose
2005
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Churchill's Bodyguard
2005
TV Series documentary
Himself
Sendung ohne Namen
2004
TV Series documentary
Himself
Indira Gandhi: The Death of Mother India
2004
TV Movie documentary
Himself (uncredited)
Get Up, Stand Up
2003
TV Series documentary
Himself
Michael Jackson: Number Ones
2003
Video documentary
Himself (segment "Man in the Mirror)
The Corporation
2003
Documentary
Himself - During Salt March (uncredited)
Commanding Heights: The Battle for the World Economy
2002
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself
History's Mysteries: Infamous Murders
2001
TV Series documentary
Himself
India: A Tribute - Guru to the World
2001
Video documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Legends, Icons & Superstars of the 20th Century
2000
Video documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Biography
2000
TV Series documentary
Himself
ABC 2000: The Millennium
1999
TV Movie documentary as Mahatma Gandhi
Biography of the Millennium: 100 People - 1000 Years
1999
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself - #17 (as Mahatma Gandhi)
The 20th Century: A Moving Visual History
1999
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Religions of the World
1998
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Tales of the Gun
1998
TV Series documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
100 Years of Olympic Glory
1996
TV Movie documentary
Himself - Funeral (uncredited)
Ancient Mysteries
1996
TV Series documentary
Himself
Assassinations That Changed the World
1996
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself
The Churchills
1996
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself
The Century of Warfare
1994
TV Mini-Series documentary
Himself
Assignment: India
1993
Video documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Murderers, Mobsters & Madmen Vol. 2: Assassination in the 20th Century
1993
Video documentary
Himself (as Mahatma Gandhi)
Heroes & Tyrants of the 20th Century: Gandhi
1990
Video documentary
Himself (uncredited)
Mother Teresa
1986
Documentary
Himself (uncredited)
The Making of Gandhi: Mr. Attenborough and Mr. Gandhi